The article addresses an ancient mystery regarding missing males in historical populations. Researchers examine archaeological and anthropological evidence suggesting unequal gender distribution in certain time periods and geographical areas. The study analyzes possible causes of this phenomenon, including migration patterns, military conflicts, and social structures of ancient societies. The research utilizes modern DNA analysis methods and skeletal remains to reconstruct demographic data. Findings suggest that missing males may have been connected to migration or selective social practices. This mystery sheds light on the complexity of ancient societies and their demographic changes.