The European Union is preparing the Critical Medicines Act to address recurring shortages of antibiotics and other medicines in Europe. The State Institute for Drug Control (SÚKL) views this legislation as a welcome tool to strengthen supply security, but warns of the need for reasonable rule-setting. The new act introduces a philosophical shift in public sector medicine procurement – instead of selecting based on lowest price, public procurement will also consider supply chain security and resilience. SÚKL warns of the risk that overly strict rules could drive cheap generic medicines off the market and worsen availability of commonly used drugs. The success of the reform will depend on quality and comparable data from all member states without unnecessary bureaucracy. The true measure of success will be reducing the number and severity of critical medicine shortages without unnecessary cost increases.