The article addresses anticoagulation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation who have a single risk factor for stroke. Atrial fibrillation is a serious cardiac condition that increases the risk of thromboembolic complications. Anticoagulation therapy is a key approach for stroke prevention in these patients. The decision to initiate anticoagulation therapy depends on individual risk and benefit assessment. The article was published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 395, Issue 12, pages 1229-1230 in September 2026. This text represents an expert perspective on the management of anticoagulation therapy in a specific clinical situation.