Factors associated with de novo urolithiasis after kidney transplantation: a matched case-control study

The study investigated risk factors for urinary stone formation after kidney transplantation. Among 2,301 kidney transplant recipients, de novo stones developed in 40 patients (1.74%). The median time from transplantation to first stone diagnosis was 341.5 days. Elevated serum uric acid was significantly associated with increased stone risk (72% increased risk per 50 μmol/L increase). Conversely, higher serum phosphate was associated with reduced risk. The presence of white blood cells in urine showed a strong association with stone formation, but this finding requires further validation. The study indicates that elevated uric acid is consistently associated with increased risk of stone formation after kidney transplantation.