Estimated pulse wave velocity and risk of new-onset heart failure in ICU patients with acute myocardial infarction: a multicenter cohort study

The study investigated the relationship between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and new-onset heart failure in intensive care unit patients with acute myocardial infarction. In the primary eICU-CRD cohort, new heart failure occurred in 10.2% of patients. Results showed that each one-unit increase in ePWV was associated with a 13% higher risk of in-hospital heart failure. Patients with high ePWV values had a 1.84-fold increased risk. In an independent validation cohort, the incidence of heart failure was 12.9%, and each one-unit increase in ePWV was associated with a 16% higher risk. ePWV demonstrated a nonlinear positive relationship with heart failure risk and improved model discrimination. Higher ePWV values were independently associated with new-onset heart failure during hospitalization and improved risk prediction beyond conventional clinical models.