Persistence of mucosal CAR-T cells and inflammatory remodeling in enterocolitis associated with BCMA CAR-T cell therapy

A multimodal analysis investigated patients with multiple myeloma who developed enterocolitis after BCMA CAR-T cell treatment. This study showed that CAR-T cell-associated enterocolitis is not solely caused by the depletion of plasma and B cells. Instead, it is linked to the expansion of cytotoxic CAR-T cells. Concurrently, there is coordinated dysregulation across various intestinal compartments. The results suggest that enterocolitis is a more complex condition. The analysis also supports JAK inhibitors as a potential treatment option for this inflammatory bowel disease. This research provides new insight into the mechanisms underlying enterocolitis after CAR-T cell therapy. It is important for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.